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Almaty ( ; (ロシア語:Алматы)), formerly known as Alma-Ata ((ロシア語:Алма-Ата)) and Vernɨy (Pre-Reform (ロシア語:Вѣрный)), is the largest city in Kazakhstan. It served as capital of the Kazakh state in its various forms from 1929 to 1997, under influence of the former Soviet Union and its appointees. That year the current government, established with independence in 1991, relocated the capital to Astana in the north of the nation. Almaty continues as the major commercial and cultural centre of Kazakhstan, as well as its biggest population center. The city is located in the mountainous area of southern Kazakhstan in the foothills of the Trans-Ili Alatau at an elevation of 2,300–3,000 feet (700–900 m), where the Bolshaya and Malaya Almaatinka rivers run into the plain.〔("Almaty, Kazakhstan" ), ''Encyclopedia Britannica''〕 ==Status== From 1929 to 1936, Almaty was the capital of Kazakh ASSR. From 1936 to 1991, it was the capital of Kazakh SSR. After Kazakhstan became independent in 1991, Almaty continued as the capital until 1997, when Astana was designated, a return to the historic capital. Almaty remains the largest, most developed, and most ethnically and culturally diverse city in Kazakhstan. Due to development by the Soviet Union and relocation of workers and industries here from European areas of the Soviet Union during World War II, the city has a high proportion of ethnic Russians and Ukrainians. The city is located in the foothills of Trans-Ili Alatau (or Zailiysky Alatau) in the extreme south-east. It has a relatively mild climate with warm summers and quite cold winters. Since the city is located in a tectonically active area, it has an endemic risk of earthquakes. Although most do not represent any significant danger or cause damage, historically Almaty has a record of some large destructive earthquakes. In 1997, the capital was moved to Astana in the north central part of the country. Since then, Almaty has been referred to as the 'southern capital' of Kazakhstan. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Almaty」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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